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Many thing
in our daily need that can be easily by implement a simple applied technology.
So our life become easy and comfort. We can make anything work automatic, or
work without our intervention so if we forget to run it, or to turn off it, they
will be done by their shelf.
By a simple
applied technology, such as electronics, we can solve many simple problem as
mentioned above. With the small dimension of electronic component and small
power too, we can realize our need, such as automatic lamp, remote controller,
water tank level controller.
Beside all
that mention above, we can make many device that valuable to our need, such as
decorative lamp, amplifier, detector etc. The simple applied electronic circuits
are divided in to two groups, analog and digital circuitry.
Analog
electronic circuits are those in which signals may vary continuously with time
to correspond to the information being represented. Electronic equipment like
voltage amplifiers, power amplifiers, tuning circuits, radios, and televisions
are largely analog (with the exception of their control sections, which may be
digital, especially in modern units).
In digital
electronic circuits, electric signals take on discrete values, which are not
dependent upon time, to represent logical and numeric values. These values
represent the information that is being processed. The transistor is one of the
primary components used in discrete circuits, and combinations of these can be
used to create logic gates. These logic gates may then be used in combination to
create a desired output from an input. In this page you can find one of the
circuit.
Line Detector Using
Opto coupler
Opto coupler (Gambar 1) dapat digunakan sebagai sensor
garis hitam, yaitu dengan cara memecah opto coupler tersebut menjadi dua
bagian yaitu pemancar (Led Inframerah) dan penerima (photo diode) seperti
Gambar 2 .

Gambar 1. Opto Coupler.

Gambar 2. Komponen dalam Opto Coupler.
Kedua komponen tersebut dirangkai seperti pada Gambar 3,
dengan tambahan sedikit komponen pendukung.

Gambar 3. Rangkaian Detector Garis.
Prinsip kerja dari rangkaian ini adalah ketika cahaya
infra merah dipancarkan oleh IRLED, maka akan dipantulkan oleh media menuju
ke photo diode, jika warna media adalah terang (putih), maka pantulan infra
merahnya akan kuat sehingga transistor C9013 akan ON, sehingga Vout adalah
mendekati nol, ketika warna media adalah gelap maka pantulan infra merahnya
adalah lemah sehingga Vout akan tinggi. Seperti diperlihatkan dalam Gambar
4, 5 dan 6.

Gambar 3. Rangkaian Detector Garis tanpa adanya pantulan.

Gambar 3. Rangkaian Detector Garis dengan media pantul
terang.

Gambar 3. Rangkaian Detector Garis dengan media pantul
gelap.

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