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Garden
Lighting refers to the use of outdoor light sources, which may be fire-based (in
the form of torches and lamps) or electricity-based (in the form of light bulbs,
neon lamps, etc.).
It is
probable that gardens have been illuminated for as long as houses have been
illuminated, by firelight and then by oil light. Each subsequent form of
illumination has been used in gardens, including gas light in the nineteenth
century and electric light in the twentieth century. Electricity remains the
most popular form of garden lighting in the twenty-first century. It is normally
supplied from main power stations but there is a growing trend towards the use
of solar power for garden lighting.
By a simple
applied technology, such as electronics, we can solve many simple problem in
daily need. With the small dimension of electronic component and small
power too, we can realize our need, such as automatic lamp, remote controller,
water tank level controller.
Beside all
that mention above, we can make many device that valuable to our need, such as
decorative lamp, amplifier, detector etc. The simple applied electronic circuits
are divided in to two groups, analog and digital circuitry.
Analog
electronic circuits are those in which signals may vary continuously with time
to correspond to the information being represented. Electronic equipment like
voltage amplifiers, power amplifiers, tuning circuits, radios, and televisions
are largely analog (with the exception of their control sections, which may be
digital, especially in modern units).
In digital
electronic circuits, electric signals take on discrete values, which are not
dependent upon time, to represent logical and numeric values. These values
represent the information that is being processed. The transistor is one of the
primary components used in discrete circuits, and combinations of these can be
used to create logic gates. These logic gates may then be used in combination to
create a desired output from an input. In this page you can find one of the
circuit.
Automatic Garden Lighting
LDR merupakan jenis resistor yang peka cahaya. Nilai
resistansinya akan turun ketika ada cahaya yang mengenai LDR. Dalam kondisi
gelam, nilai LDR akan sangat besar (mendekati mega ohm). Dengan sifatnya
yang seperti itu maka LDR dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengendalikan
hidup-matinya lampu taman. Rangkaiannya dapat dilihat pada Gambar 1 berikut.
Ketika LDR dikenai cahaya matahari, maka nilai resistansinya akan sangat
rendah, yang menyebabkan transistor c 9013 akan mati. Karena c 9013 mati
maka basis dari c 9012 akan tinggi, sehingga relay tidak dialiri arus
listrik. Hasil akhirnya adalah lampu padam, demikian sebaliknya, kalau malam
maka relay akan dialiri listrik sehingga saklar menutup dan lampu akan
menyala. Untuk mengatur kepekaan LDR, maka nika VR 1k dapat diubah sesuai
dengan kecerahan cahaya yang kita inginkan.

Gambar 1. Rangkaian penyaklar lampu taman otomatis.

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